Life news, articles and features | New 女生小视频 /topic/life/ Science news and science articles from New 女生小视频 Wed, 23 Sep 2026 13:51:53 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0.6 242057827 Fire amoeba breaks heat tolerance record for complex life /article/2590054-fire-amoeba-breaks-heat-tolerance-record-for-complex-life/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Tue, 22 Sep 2026 15:00:00 +0000 /article/2590054-auto-draft/ Incendiamoeba cell undergoing mitosis
Incendiamoeba cell reproducing at 63掳C
Felix Mikus

A species of amoeba discovered in California鈥檚 Lassen Volcanic National Park can survive and thrive in temperatures that had been considered impossibly high for complex life.

Nicknamed the fire amoeba by the researchers who collected it, Incendiamoeba cascadensis can survive in waters heated up to 70掳C. However, it only retains the ability to eat and reproduce up to temperatures of 63掳C, and it loses the ability to move around above 64掳C.

Previously, according to at Syracuse University, New York, 60掳C was considered the 鈥4-minute mile鈥 barrier for eukaryotes, the branch of the tree of life that contains all complex life forms including animals and plants, and that is defined by the presence of cells in which DNA is protected within a nucleus.

The discovery shows that eukaryotes can grow at temperatures higher than once thought possible, Oliverio says, and now that the fire amoeba has been found, more similarly tolerant extremophile species will likely be uncovered elsewhere.

鈥淭he 4-minute mile was long thought to be impossible,鈥 says Oliverio. 鈥淏ut once accomplished, it only took weeks to be broken again.鈥

Simpler organisms can survive at even more extreme temperatures. Methanopyrus kandleri, a single-celled archaeon that lacks a nucleus, can .

Oliverio and her colleagues collected I. cascadensis from a small geothermal stream within California鈥檚 Lassen Volcanic National Park, flowing through a 鈥渂eautiful meadow鈥 less than half a metre wide for most of its length. Temperatures in the stream range from 49掳C to 65掳C, with a pH range of 6 to 7.

At full stretch, I. cascadensis is, on average, about 40 micrometres long and 10 碌m wide, says Oliverio.

鈥淭his is over 10 times the size of the average bacterial cell, and closer to the width of a human white blood cell,鈥 she says. In such a hot environment, the fire amoeba is the top-order predator, feeding on thermophile bacteria, which are far more common.

鈥淚t is somewhat analogous to going into a forest where you will likely see lots of plants but very few bears, even though they are common and live in these environments, too,鈥 says Oliverio.

at Monash University, Australia, says the discovery means he will have to rewrite his lectures on extremophiles.

鈥淚t鈥檚 a very exciting finding that extends the temperature record for the growth of eukaryotic life by at least 3掳C 鈥 a significant leap,鈥 he says.

The team cultured the amoeba back in the lab, where they tested the upper and lower limits of its survival by studying it at 17 different temperatures, ranging from 30掳C to 64掳C.

They found there was no growth below 40掳C or above 63掳C, with the optimal range between 55 and 57掳C. Above 64掳C, the amoeba rolls up into a cyst to protect itself from the heat. After exposure to temperatures above 70掳C, these cysts are 鈥渋nactivated鈥.

Intriguingly, when the team searched worldwide e-DNA databases for a signature similar to I. cascadensis, they discovered some RNA matches from a geothermal mat in the Taup艒 Volcanic Zone in New Zealand, and three matches from Yellowstone National Park in the US.

Some of these may be distinct, closely related species to the fire amoeba that haven鈥檛 yet been collected or cultured. The search should continue for even more extreme life forms, says Oliverio.

鈥淎s far as we know, there is no reason why 63掳C is the hard limit.鈥

Journal Reference:

Cell

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Beautiful new cat species is first to be named in a century /article/2589847-beautiful-new-cat-species-is-first-to-be-named-in-a-century/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Thu, 17 Sep 2026 15:00:00 +0000 /article/2589847-auto-draft/ Leopardus tilcayo
The tilcayo (Leopardus tilcayo) in an animal refuge in La Paz, Bolivia
Paola Nogales-Ascarrunz

A new cat species has been scientifically described 鈥 the diminutive, spotted tilcayo from Bolivia.

Several species of small cat in the Leopardus genus live in South America, including the ocelot, margay, kodkod, Geoffroy鈥檚 cat and the tiger cat or oncilla. The similar appearance of these nocturnal and hard-to-spot cats has made separating them into distinct species difficult.

This is particularly true of tiger cats, which are about the size of a house cat, and are found in Costa Rica in Central America, and across a vast swathe of South America including Bolivia, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Historically, there have been many local and scientific names for them, but they all got subsumed into a single species, Leopardus tigrinus.

Genetic studies have since divided the species into four, resurrecting three of the species names that scientists once used before they were all lumped together under the name L. tigrinus. This process saw the official recognition of the in 2013, in 2017 and the in 2024.

Now, at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) in Porto Alegre, Brazil, and his colleagues have analysed the complete genomes of 38 individuals from the Leopardus genus, including 26 tiger cats from across their known range.

The genomics revealed a fifth distinct species living in the Bolivian Yungas forests on the east slopes of the Andes mountains. The researchers describe it under a completely new name: Leopardus tilcayo, naming it after the local term used for this cat.

鈥淲e鈥檝e discovered a new species of cat that had not been scientifically named before,鈥 says Eizirik, adding that this is the first time this has happened for a century.

鈥淭here are more cat species. Who can鈥檛 love that?鈥 says at the University of Missouri. 鈥淭hey鈥檙e hard to find and see, so it鈥檚 not surprising that some of the early taxonomy needs to be modified now we have more data.鈥

L. tilcayo has a combined head and body length of between about 42 and 50 centimetres and weighs between 1.5 and 2 kilograms. The genomes revealed that it diverged from the lineage containing L. tigrinus and L. pardinoides nearly 1.4 million years ago.

Telling the new species apart visually is not easy. 鈥淭he five tiger cat species are all cryptic species. They鈥檙e morphologically very similar,鈥 says team member at University of Antwerp in Belgium.

The researchers also found that in the Peruvian Yungas forests, on the west side of the Andes, there is a distinct group of cats in the L. tigrinus lineage that they describe as a novel subspecies, L. tigrinus antisuyo.

There are so many barriers in South America that can geographically isolate animal populations from each other, including mountains and rivers, that more cat species may be waiting to be found, says Lyons. 鈥淚t鈥檇 be rather cool if we could find another species out there.鈥

L. tigrinus is by the IUCN Red List, but the new species and subspecies will have to be evaluated and protected as distinct units, says Eizirik, especially as the forests they live in are shrinking as agriculture expands.

Journal Reference:

Current Biology

Article amended on 21 September 2026

This article has been updated to reflect that Leslie Lyons is at the University of Missouri.

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See the stunning contenders for the Wildlife Photographer of the Year /article/2585388-see-the-stunning-contenders-for-the-wildlife-photographer-of-the-year/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Tue, 25 Aug 2026 23:01:00 +0000 /article/2585388-auto-draft/
Split-Second Escape by Jens Cullmann
Jens Cullmann/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

From a viper with a bloodthirsty hitchhiker to a bullfrog narrowly missing its lunch, these photographs, all of which are in the running for this year鈥檚 Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition, offer a glimpse into the drama unfolding across the animal kingdom.

Biting Back,听an intimidating shot captured by Andrea and Maceo Grammatico,听was highly commended in the contest鈥檚 Animal听Portraits category.听The twins say it听wasn鈥檛听until听reviewing their听photographs听that they听spotted听a mosquito听drinking from the head of the听fer-de-lance听鈥撎齮he most dangerous snake in Central America.

Biting Back by Andrea and Maceo Grammatico
Andrea and Maceo Grammatico/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

There was a听near miss in听Jens Cullmann鈥檚听Split-Second Escape,听highly commended in the听Behaviour:听Amphibians and听Reptiles听category and shown in the main image.听The moment was听almost as听fleeting as the frog鈥檚 prey 鈥 an African babul blue butterfly 鈥 and all the more remarkable given that Cullmann had听spotted听tadpoles a month earlier, returning to find them transformed into听young bullfrogs. African bullfrogs spend much of the year听underground听in an听inactive state听known as听aestivation,听emerging听only for a short period after the rainy season to breed,听hunt and gorge.听

Hiding not hunting is the speciality of the lichen dragon katydid captured by听Gil Wizen,听below. Named Hidden Dragon, Wizen鈥檚 shot, highly commended in the Behaviour: Invertebrates category, captures the almost perfectly camouflaged, 15-millimetre-long, spiky insect 鈥 a rare species found only in the Ecuadorian Andes mountains.

Hidden Dragon by Gil Wizen
Gil Wizen/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Moving away from rural听environments,听笔辞辞濒迟颈尘别听笔补蝉迟颈尘别听by Loren Elliott,听below, was听highly commended in the Urban Wildlife category. Elliott captures听the听unusual听sight听of a听black bear听taking time to chill in a swimming pool in southern California. While the bear听may look听somewhat听out听of place,听these run-ins are becoming听surprisingly common as听housing developments continue听to听encroach听on bear territory.听听

Pooltime Pastime by Loren Elliott
Loren Elliott/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Finally,听a black vulture grasps the carcass of a yacare caiman in Andrew Parkinson鈥檚听Wings of Darkness,听below, captured in Brazil鈥檚 Pantanal wetlands听and听also听highly commended in the Animal Portraits category.听Despite a seemingly firm grip, the scavenger鈥檚 meal听wasn鈥檛听to be,听with a jaguar waiting just out of shot for the perfect opportunity to claim the听caiman.

Andrew Parkinson鈥檚 Wings of Darkness
Andrew Parkinson/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

The competition鈥檚 overall winner will be announced on 13 October. The Wildlife Photographer of the Year听contest is organised by London鈥檚 Natural History听Museum,听which will run an of the images from 16 October to 11 July 2027.

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A wolf鈥檚 1000-mile quest makes for epic and empathetic reading /article/2583690-a-wolfs-1000-mile-quest-makes-for-epic-and-empathetic-reading/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Wed, 19 Aug 2026 17:00:00 +0000 /article/2583690-auto-draft/ 2583690 Prize-winning image highlights precarious position of mangrove forests /article/2582597-prize-winning-image-highlights-precarious-position-of-mangrove-forests/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Wed, 05 Aug 2026 17:00:00 +0000 /article/2582597-prize-winning-image-highlights-precarious-position-of-mangrove-forests/
Gaurav Patil鈥檚 winning image at the Mangrove Photography Awards
Gaurav Patil

This unusual photograph, shot under ultraviolet light with a 13-second exposure, shows some of the damage caused on land by fishing out at sea.

Gaurav Patil鈥檚 image of a fishing net that has been carried by ocean currents and become tangled in a mangrove tree on the shore of Nandgaon village, south of Mumbai, India, has won the overall prize in the 2026 . The competition is organised by US non-profit organisation Mangrove Action Project to raise awareness of the precarious position of the world鈥檚 mangrove forests.

Mangroves less than 1 per cent of all tropical forests, but provide crucial habitat for wildlife and store up to 10 times more carbon than the same area of inland forest. Despite better recent news after decades of decline, more than half of mangrove ecosystems are to be at .

Hundreds of thousands of tonnes of lost, abandoned and discarded fishing gear litter the oceans, carried around the globe by currents and eventually getting caught up or breaking down into microplastics. This gear can severely damage mangrove ecosystems, entangling marine life and choking mangrove trees.

鈥淭his photographer has put life into a subject that normally looks dull but is deeply important for conservation. Ghost nets are a real problem,鈥 said judge Dhritiman Mukherjee in an announcement about the prize.

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What is life? A provocative new book sets out to redefine it /article/2582598-what-is-life-a-provocative-new-book-sets-out-to-redefine-it/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Wed, 05 Aug 2026 17:00:00 +0000 /article/2582598-what-is-life-a-provocative-new-book-sets-out-to-redefine-it/ 2582598 The best new popular science books of August 2026 /article/2583176-the-best-new-popular-science-books-of-august-2026/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Tue, 04 Aug 2026 14:00:00 +0000 /article/2583176-auto-draft/ A snow leopard
A snow leopard 鈥 as featured in Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi鈥檚 The Ghost of the Mountains, out in August
Edo Schmidt/Alamy

This has to be the strangest August ever, with climate-changed weather making itself felt all over the place. It is also strange because new books are in short supply. That said, the shelves are by no means bare. We have books to recommend to you on everything from octopus ethics and designing the universe to endometriosis and talking to computers. So, whatever you end up doing to refresh and recharge, we鈥檝e got the book for you.

by Daniel Lieberman听

Meaty palaeo? Going veggie or vegan? Eating Mediterranean? Fasting, intermittently or otherwise? Low or high carbs? Enough 鈥 before we all lose the plot! Enter Daniel Lieberman, an evolutionary anthropologist at Harvard University who, says his publisher, 鈥渢ackles this confusion head on with his trademark blend of lively storytelling and myth-busting science鈥.

As you would expect, Lieberman draws on evolutionary biology, anthropology and physiology to figure out how we are going so wrong. He travels all the way back, moving from what humans evolved to eat through to how fire, farming and industrialisation transformed our diets, and right up to today as we learn how to combine all that history with rigorous medical science. It will be fascinating to see what former New 女生小视频 staffer Chris Simms makes of it in our review, to be published shortly.

Daniel Lieberman
Daniel Lieberman, whose new book Fed Up is out this month
viZUMA Press/Shutterstock

by Jonathan Loh

To know where we are headed, it can help to have a reasonable grasp of where we have been. So, will some big-picture thinking from an independent scholar help? Jonathan Loh鈥檚 publishers call his book Life Story a 鈥減anoramic history of life, revealing the forces that have shaped our world 鈥 and could shape it again鈥. We move through the rise of Homo sapiens, from foragers to farmers, from the Bronze Age to the industrial revolution, through 鈥渉idden patterns linking genetics and language, organisms and states, ecosystems and economies, mass extinctions and civilisational collapse鈥.

Humans may dominate the planet, but, as machine intelligence gathers pace, is that supremacy only a phase? Loh is a biologist who has worked as a consultant to organisations such the United Nations Environment Programme and WWF on the conservation of biological and cultural diversity, so he should be well placed to build a deep chronicle of the past and lay out his big idea: culture as a form of life. What would that mean in terms of an AI future? We shall see鈥μ

by Xiaochang Li

The idea of talking to machines has been an enduring human fantasy. Divination Engines is a bit of a wild card: author Xiaochang Li, an assistant professor in the department of communication at Stanford University in California, shows her readers how that dream 鈥渂oth fueled the demand for data and set the stage for today鈥檚 generative AI鈥. Sneak peaks reveal a book that is no easy read (brace for technical details), but one in which Li manages to explain the origins of what we call natural language processing, as well as the 20th-century debates between computer scientists, linguists and communication engineers that shaped today鈥檚 technology.

She sets out to show how computer speech recognition advanced technology by de-emphasising linguistic meaning in favour of statistical prediction 鈥 that is, how researchers gradually abandoned systems that tried to听understand听human language in favour of workarounds that just predicted听patterns in speech and text data. The rest is, as they say, history鈥 and that鈥檚 before we even mention search engines, spam filters, content managers and the like. All this comes at the cost of needing more and more new data 鈥 forever! This will be a tough read for many of us, but one that鈥檚 worth the effort. Oh, and Kate Crawford, author of Atlas of AI, calls the book 鈥渁 landmark in the critical history of artificial intelligence鈥.

by Catherine Heymans

No small ambition in this next book, either. Astrophysicist Catherine Heymans鈥檚 latest is, according to its subtitle, no less than a look at the 鈥渟cience of real and virtual worlds鈥. At its heart is that wonderful, death-defying question: could we be living in a computer simulation, and how would we even know? It all sounds fascinating, as Heymans, the astronomer royal for Scotland, takes us 鈥渙n a humorous and mind-bending journey through the science of reality itself鈥.

From subatomic particles and the cosmic mysteries of dark matter to the secrets of the human senses, we are promised an exploration of 鈥渨hether humanity could ever create a virtual universe as rich and diverse as our own 鈥 and what that means for our sense of self, free will and consciousness鈥. Not much going on here, then.

by Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi

This is one for all of us who love silvery-grey snow leopards, those fabulous and elusive beasts, which live in the rugged mountains of central Asia, camouflaged against the rocks and cliffs. For the past 20 years, scientist, conservationist and mountaineer Kulbhushansingh (Kullu) Suryawanshi has studied them in the wild, exploring every aspect of their lives from habitat to prey to population 鈥 sometimes living for months in the world鈥檚 toughest, most remote environments. Suryawanshi, we are promised, has 鈥減ioneered new research that shines fresh light on these charismatic and vulnerable animals, showing how their fate is entangled with the local people and how their survival is central to preserving an austere, delicate ecosystem鈥.

by Lani Watson

There is something wonderful about books with a single letter as their main title. Q (and here鈥檚 the subtitle so we know what we鈥檙e talking about: The hidden power of questions in a world that wants answers) is all about the art and science of asking questions, as the only creature on Earth that does so in any formal sense. But we鈥檙e trained to look for answers, not how to ask questions 鈥 so much so, says author Lani Watson, that we live in an answer-rich, question-poor world.

Yet, as the publishers remind us,鈥 from doctors鈥 surgeries to courtrooms to dating, the ability to ask questions determines our experiences. In a world obsessed by answers, asking better questions is powerful.鈥

That sounds very wise, and we should be in good hands: Watson is a philosopher and honorary fellow at the University of Edinburgh, UK, as well as a former research fellow at the University of Oxford. Plug into what her publishers call a 鈥渃aptivating narrative from the death of Socrates to the age of AI鈥, and you will soon learn how to think about the questions you ask and the ones you don鈥檛.

Richard Schweid tackles the race to farm octopus in his book Life on the Octopus Farm, published this August
Shutterstock/Symeonidis Dimitrios

by Richard Schweid

With octopus blooms suddenly appearing in many places, journalist Richard Schweid and publisher University of North Carolina Press could hardly have hit on a more provocative subject. Billed as a 鈥済ripping, on-the-ground investigation into the global race to farm octopus and the ethical firestorm it has ignited鈥, there is clearly a lot to chew on as we explore the 鈥渆thics and future of growing the world鈥檚 most intelligent invertebrate鈥.

Among the issues is the fact that, in 2021, the London School of Economics recognised invertebrates such as cephalopods (octopus, cuttlefish, squid) and decapods (crayfish, crabs, lobsters) as capable of experiencing pain, distress and happiness, finding that high-welfare farming of them would therefore be impossible. But the enormous international demand for octopus meat continues to grow, even as wild octopus populations decline. Fishers in the UK鈥檚 south-west are already experiencing problems as the vast number of octopuses eat their typical high-value catch: adult lobsters, brown edible crabs, scallops and the like. What to do instead? Eat the octopuses? Apparently, recipes are proliferating鈥 a dilemma indeed.

by Evelyn Scott

This is no less than an expos茅 of medical misogyny, says the publisher of what looks like a forthright book about endometriosis, A Bloody Scandal: How medicine fails women in pain. There should be a huge market for it, given the sheer number who experience it (it is often said that 1 in 10 women do, but the real figure is probably higher), often in silence and for decades.

Author Evelyn Scott weaves in her own experience of the condition: she was just a teenager when she first had the symptoms of endometriosis. She shares 15 years during which she endured constant, agonising pain 鈥 and hopeless ineptitude when seeking support, ranging from dismissals on the grounds of hysteria to misdiagnoses. She felt completely isolated, until she discovered all the other women experiencing the same condition. Powerful stuff and, many will argue, long overdue.

When you make a purchase via the links on this page, we receive a commission.

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Plankton get a close-up in these stunning photographs /article/2580771-plankton-get-a-close-up-in-these-stunning-photographs/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Wed, 29 Jul 2026 17:00:00 +0000 /article/2580771-auto-draft/ A larva of the Magelona worm
A larva of the Magelona worm, just 2 mm in size
Julian Cremona

鈥淢ost people are completely unaware of what is in the water,鈥 says Julian Cremona, a naturalist and photographer who is out to change that with his new book.

Plankton is an umbrella term for all kinds of different organisms floating in our waters, from plants, known as phytoplankton, to animals, known as zooplankton. They can be as little as 0.02 micrometres, the size of some viruses, or as big as 2 metres, the size of a large jellyfish. What they have in common is that they aren鈥檛 powerful enough to overcome the movement of water, unlike organisms that can resist the current. As Cremona writes, plankton are 鈥渄rifting organisms that are unable to determine their long-term direction and are at the whims of the current鈥.

Cremona鈥檚 book is a guide to the different types of plankton found along the British coast, such as the larva of a Magelona worm, just 2 millimetres in size, in the main image. To take this photograph, Cremona fitted objective lenses from an old microscope to his camera.

Below is a shot of a tiny zooplankter, Oikopleura. Its body is made up of a trunk on top of a long tail, ranging from a few millimetres to a centimetre long. It has a lifespan of five to six days, over which it grows, reproduces and finally dies.

An Oikopleura plankter
Julian Cremona

Some larger plankton are shown below, including a handful of compass jellyfish (Chrysaora hysoscella), which are mostly found in northern Europe. The umbrella of this jellyfish can stretch to 30 centimetres in diameter, and it uses its 24 tentacles to catch its food: small fish, crabs and other jellyfish.

Compass jellyfish
Kenny van Roosbroek

Pictured below is a swarm of moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita), the most common jellyfish to be found in the UK鈥檚 waters.

Moon jellyfish
Michal Mikulec

Some phytoplankton exhibit symbiosis with jellyfish and sea anemones, such as the aptly named snakelocks anemone (Anemonia viridis), pictured below. Single-celled Symbiodinium plankton live within the tissue of its green tentacles, where they perform photosynthesis and provide their host with carbohydrates. In return, the plankton receive inorganic carbon, nitrogen, phosphate 鈥 and a protected refuge in which to live.

Plankton has a symbiotic relationship with this snakelocks anemone
Julian Cremona

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Why Schr枚dinger’s 1944 classic What Is Life? still feels prescient /article/2533430-why-schrodingers-1944-classic-what-is-life-still-feels-prescient/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Wed, 08 Jul 2026 12:00:18 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=2533430 2533430 The best new popular science books of July 2026 /article/2532793-the-best-new-popular-science-books-of-july-2026/?utm_campaign=RSS|NSNS&utm_content=life&utm_medium=RSS&utm_source=NSNS Thu, 02 Jul 2026 14:00:55 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=2532793
Australia鈥檚 tiger quoll 鈥 as featured in Dan Werb鈥檚 Our Wild Familiars, out this month
Shutterstock/Craig Dingle

It鈥檚 a hot month in London 鈥 in oh so many ways. Life, being alive and death are big themes in the new popular science books out in July, not to mention that small thing of being a human and all the messy feelings and sensory stuff that goes with it. Then there鈥檚 also AI filling the future 听鈥 in ways that worry one of the world鈥檚 leading forensic scientists, as well as ethicists who are paid to think about this sort of thing. I鈥檓 looking forward to delving into the worlds of volcanoes and pharmacology, which look positively safe and stable in comparison鈥

by Valerie Tiberius

Can friendship with a chatbot ever be as good as friendship with a gang of flesh-and-blood besties? Is there still and will there 鈥 can there听 鈥 always be something about human friendships that will elude the smartest of simulations? Ethicist and University of Minnesota professor of philosophy Valerie Tiberius sets out to argue the human case. She defines the ideal friendship as an enjoyable, close relationship built on shared activities between people who care about each other for their own sake. It will be interesting to see where her book goes with this 鈥 especially since Shannon Vallor, author of听The AI Mirror: How to reclaim our humanity in an age of machine thinking, thinks it 鈥減rovides a nuanced philosophical survey of the possibilities for human-AI relationships by highlighting their considerable risks and benefits鈥.

by Richard Coker

It may sound a bit gloomy, but Timor Mortis (literally 鈥渇ear of death鈥) could hardly be more timely as we increasingly worry about the quality of end-of-life care for everyone we care about (including ourselves). Then there鈥檚 what we mean by 鈥渁 good death鈥 鈥 and perhaps the biggest question of all, how do we live in the hyperteched 21st century in the visceral shadow of our own death? Public health doctor Richard Coker probes death鈥檚 complexities from different perspectives: biological, psychological, moral and historical. Coker has certainly done the rounds, latterly as a professor at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, and earlier as a doctor working with people who had TB or HIV/AIDS.

by Tamie Jovanelly

This is one of the latest in the redoubtable What Everyone Needs to Know series from Oxford University Press, covering everything from gender to robots. And how could you go wrong with the subject of volcanoes? Geology professor Tamie Jovanelly has over 20 years of global research experience in volcanism, climate change, water systems and natural hazards to guide her as she answers those simple questions we might be too embarrassed to ask anyone else. Where do we find volcanoes? Can we predict when and where they will erupt? Can we harness their energy? 听With 1350 active volcanoes on Earth, between 50 and 70 erupting annually, not to mention climate change in the mix, explaining what makes one of nature鈥檚 most powerful forces work isn鈥檛 a simple task. Jovanelly also gives us GPS coordinates for locating volcanoes, high-definition photographs for identifying volcanic minerals and rocks 鈥 and there鈥檚 an appendix featuring 100 of the world鈥檚 most active volcanoes.

by Rod Flower

This book sounds like it might be a great companion to a title we featured in May: Nick Barber鈥檚 How to Take Drugs: A new approach to medication for better results and fewer side effects. And given the staggering 1 billion-plus prescriptions written in the UK every year 鈥 and, even more staggeringly, over five billion in the US 鈥 members of the prescribed-to public can stand all the help they can get to understand why they take the drugs they do, and what those drugs do. This is more of a history and context-builder, as Rod Flower, emeritus professor of biochemical pharmacology at Queen Mary University of London (with a big interest in inflammation and anti-inflammatories) takes us through the astonishingly fast evolution of our drug use, from healing plants and herbs to a global market just under $2 trillion 鈥 and the rise of pharmacology as a discipline. Flower also shows us how drugs really work in detail, the process of medicine development and what makes scientists think that their therapies will work as, er, advertised.

A clay counting board from Uruk, Iraq, dated to the fourth millennium BC. Data as power is explored in Roopika Risam鈥檚 new book, out this month
Osama SM Amin FRCP(Glasg)

by Roopika Risam

鈥淕roundbreaking and provocative鈥 is how its publishers describe Data Empire. This exploration of data as power tracks back millennia to the first clay tablets of Mesopotamia, through knotted strings keeping account to the algorithmic modern state. Their purpose sounds oddly familiar: helping states govern people/empires, and helping institutions to decide who appears on the official record and who doesn鈥檛. As we stare, often helplessly, at the plethora of hyperconnected, pervasive, personally extractive tech heading at us, shaping the future needs the insights of people like Risam, working from her multiple perspectives, including a digital humanities and social engagement professorship at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire. Any writer would be thrilled to have the kind of applause she has attracted, with Lewis Dartnell (author of The Knowledge: How to rebuild our world from scratch) calling the book 鈥淏reathtaking in its scope鈥 and one of the founders of VR, Jaron Lanier, describing it as the 鈥渘ew history of mankind demanded by our times鈥 This book asks what we will do about data now that we have no choice but to do something.鈥

by Ian Bogost

In a time of excess consumption, enforced efficiency and fear of missing out, it sounds distinctly quixotic to be pursuing a more gratifying life. But Atlantic columnist and computer academic/designer Ian Bogost鈥檚 The Small Stuff is pitched as just that. From digital tickets to automated taps, say its publishers, life鈥檚 simple pleasures have been stripped away, replaced by sleek, soulless design. Bogost 鈥渦ncovers how modern conveniences not only fail to deliver on their promises but also rob us of small, satisfying tasks and moments that keep us grounded and human鈥. So it isn鈥檛 just a matter of smelling the roses, and sitting under more trees, but reinvesting in your interactions with the material world and more labour-creating devices. Small pleasures instead of flat giant screens鈥 can鈥檛 wait!

by Dan Werb

Brown rats, raccoons, and urban foxes; house flies and cockroaches; even dandelions and kudzu vines; they are wild creatures living alongside humans, hence the lovely Greek noun that describes them: synanthrope (syn meaning 鈥渨ith鈥; anthropos 鈥渕an鈥). These and more exotic creatures, such as the tiger quoll or the collared delma, are at the heart of what looks like a really fascinating book. Writer and epidemiologist Dan Werb goes beyond examining the everyday roles these wild animals play in our lives: from annoyance at the activities of houseflies and urban foxes, to replacing lids in raccoon country or watching out for disease vectors from brown rats and others. He鈥檚 also interested in how we are reaching a key moment as these creatures are 鈥渁rbiters of our planet鈥檚 future鈥, and 鈥渁 key influence on the continuing evolution of our species鈥. Environmental destruction means that their urban habitats will increase and their numbers soar. We are going to have to stop resisting them and learn how to live in harmony. By the way, the collared delma is a tiny legless lizard, but the tiger quoll is a metre-long carnivore 鈥 a cross between a cat and a rat. Interesting futures ahead then.

Forensic anthropologist Sue Black has a new book out this month
Peter Jolly/Shutterstock

听by Sue Black

This is the third book in a trilogy by Sue Black, one of the UK鈥檚 most eminent forensic scientists with 40 years of experience working on the evidence used in criminal cases. This time she鈥檚 putting science in the dock as she uses landmark cases to unpick what went wrong, where justice was served, what we should fight to preserve 鈥 and asks how AI and other forms of automation will work in court. And while there have been huge leaps forward 鈥 the discovery of DNA fingerprinting, and Black鈥檚 own vein-pattern identification work 鈥 cases like that of Andrew Malkinson, wrongly convicted and jailed for 17 years, show what happens when things go wrong. She asks if we鈥檒l be able to cope with the future coming at us fast. 鈥淎re we prepared for AI to redact police files before they are sent to the CPS? Are we ready to accept instant interview translations? If they are incorrect, who will correct them? Who will notice? We will certainly all care,鈥 she writes. We will indeed.

by Eleanor Drage

Confusion and fear around the fast encroachment of AI and where it may lead is completely understandable. But ethicist Eleanor Drage is exploring, as her book鈥檚 subtitle puts it, 鈥淗ow to stop catastrophising and build an ethical future鈥. She reckons we need a whole new language and some fresh ideas to determine what AI is and how we should use it. That translates into adding feminism, reparative justice and climate politics into the debate. Early endorsements include broadcaster Sandi Toksvig (鈥淎 wise and purpose-driven book to steer us out of AI doom鈥) and N. Katherine Hayles, author of From Bacteria to AI (鈥淓leanor Drage dismantles prophecies of both apocalypse and transcendence to show how we can achieve liveable futures with AI鈥).

by Melanie Challenger

This is one of our biggest conceptual problems: what does it mean to be alive? Researcher and natural philosopher Melanie Challengerprobes the latest discoveries in biology and physics 鈥渢o reveal a radical truth: to be alive is first and foremost a way of being a body鈥, say the book鈥檚 publicists. This sounds great and it will be interesting to see how the argument plays out 鈥 how far Alive lives up the claims and restores 鈥渁gency, purpose and meaning to organisms in an age of artificial intelligence and biodiversity loss鈥.

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